GPA summarizes academic performance as a single number. On a 4.0 scale, each letter grade maps to grade points, and credit hours weight courses that count more toward your average.
Weighted average formula
Formula
GPA = Σ(grade points × credit hours) / Σ(credit hours)
Typical letter mapping (example)
- A = 4.0, A- = 3.7
- B+ = 3.3, B = 3.0, B- = 2.7
- Pass/fail or incomplete courses may be excluded by policy
Semester vs cumulative
Semester GPA uses only current term courses. Cumulative GPA includes all terms. Mixing them when planning Dean’s List or scholarship thresholds causes surprises.
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